Canadian drivers lag in adopting winter tires in spite of evidence that their use saves lives and reduces road-accident injuries.

A 2011 study by the Quebec government shows that winter road-accident injuries have dropped by five per cent since winter tire use was made mandatory by law in 2008. Widespread use of winter tires is credited with preventing about 575 injuries per winter in the province.

These findings are supported by a new report from the Traffic Injury Research Foundation (TIRF) that concludes that winter tires decrease costly collisions. The report cites extensive research showing that winter tires deliver superior traction, cornering and braking on all cold-weather road surfaces.

"All the evidence points to winter tires being the safest choice for driving in cold weather," says Glenn Maidment, president of the Rubber Association of Canada (RAC), which represents tire makers. "Drivers should carefully consider whether winter tires are right for them and make an educated choice."

This fall, tire makers are urging motorists to get the facts about winter tires. A wealth of online information about the performance advantages of winter tires is available at the RAC's website, www. rubberassociation.ca.

The TIRF report, entitled Winter Tires: A Review of Research on Effectiveness and Use, stresses that the benefits of winter tires are not well understood and clarifies commonly held myths about winter tires.

Many motorists, for example, think that winter tires are only useful in regions with lots of snow. In fact, research shows that, once temperatures drop below 7 C, winter tires perform better whether the road surface is dry, snow covered, slushy or icy. Winter tires feature specialized rubber compounds that retain elasticity in temperatures below -30 C and treads that grip at cold temperatures. In fact, winter tires deliver up to 50 per cent more cold-weather traction than all-seasons.

Another misconception is that all-season or summer tires provide sufficient traction in winter.

One of the most important advantages of winter tires is reduced stopping distance when braking. According to research cited by the TIRF report, at temperatures just below freezing on dry pavement stopping distance for vehicles with all-season tires can be as much as 30 per cent longer than for vehicles with winter tires. Winter tires have also been shown to have better traction on a snowy surface at -40 C than an all-season tire has at plus 4 C.

Some motorists avoid winter tires because their vehicles are equipped with Antilock Braking Systems, All-Wheel Drive or four-wheel drive. The TIRF report notes that these systems require sufficient traction to be effective and that winter tires provide that needed traction.

Another commonly believed myth is that two winter tires, rather than a set of four, is sufficiently safe. Mixing different types of tires creates a traction imbalance between the front and rear wheel positions and can cause a vehicle to "over steer" (when the winter tires are mounted on the front axle) or "under steer" (when the winter tires are on the rear axle). These unsafe conditions can make a vehicle difficult to control, particularly when cornering.

Proper tire inflation is also important during the winter-driving month. Tires that are under-or overinflated have a smaller footprint on the road surface, which lessens their grip.

Tire inflation pressure can drop quickly during cold snaps. Every 5 C change results in about one psi change in pressure, so a temperature drop of 15 C would result in 10 per cent or three psi under-inflation.

Learn more by visiting www. rubberassociation. ca and click on winter driving.

Winter Tire Buyer's Check List

When deciding whether to install winter tires, ask yourself the following questions:

. Do you live where cold temperatures are common?

. Do you drive on icy or snowy roads?

. Do you have to use your vehicle everyday, regardless of the weather?

. Do you drive off main streets and roads in winter?

. Do you drive early in the morning or late at night in winter?

. Do you drive nearly the same speed regardless of the temperature?

If you answered yes to one or more of these questions, winter tires may be right for you. Talk to your tire retailer about your driving habits, road conditions you drive in and the kinds of winter tires best suited for you.